After the 1967 catastrophe, several
particularly mean jokes started making the rounds about Gamal Abd al Nasser.
Even we, nappies barely dry, would throw them around laughing, as if to usher
in the post-Nasser era.
The meanest of the jokes went like
this:
After the ’67 defeat, Nasser stood,
chastened, on the presidential balcony
to deliver a speech to the throngs.
“The fundamental question is not the
land,” he sang. "The main question is to be or not to be”—ann nakouna aw la
nakouna. In Arabic, nakouna can be flipped into one nasty mother of a pun: a
straight up “they f---- us.”
And the people, of course, chanted
back: “Nakouna, nakouna, nakouna!”
From that infamous June onwards it
was downhill for the champ. The rejection was not immediately perceptible. Millions turned out for Gamal’s funeral in
1970, a few dying crushed by the crowds. And the subsequent decades paraded
various wanna be Nassers—Arafat, Saddam, Pa Assad, Qaddafi…--each terrible in
his own way, all authors of wrongs infinitely worse than the big man’s. In
these mimics, it seemed, was proof of the lingering appeal of the Nasser model:
the military strongman-cum-daddy-cum-poet-cum-philosopher-cum-wizard-cum-ghoul here
to make it all go away, even if it meant life itself. A Faustian bargain of a
sort, if you like. For if the longevity of these despots has been a testimony
to anything, it’s not their success in lifting up their struggling societies to
soaring heights but in the efficacy of their tyranny in beating them to the
ground.
So much so that 40 years on, the post-‘67
sharp pivot towards political Islam is the easiest takeaway from Nasser’s bequest;
so easy, in fact, it’s the first thing experts blurt out, Pavlovian like, every
time they’re asked about Nasserism. Were it not for the myriad disappointments
with the bombastic Arab nationalist, pseudo secular, fake socialist promise,
Islamism would not have stood such an attractive suitor at the Arab door.
This, needless to say, is a gross
oversimplification of the factors—some grassroots and unbidden, others high-powered,
moneyed and very purposeful--that implanted Islam at the heart of Arab life: our
laws, our streets, our living rooms, pants, panties, bedrooms, bathrooms. But it
works well enough for this post’s point: 20-30 years from now, when our grandchildren
pick through the history nearest to them for clues about the demise of Islamism,
it will be today’s jokes that will give the story away--the jokes, first and
foremost, and then the frightening vistas, the loud anecdotes and the frantic whispers
that, together, betray a narrative much larger than each on its own
tells.
Rather idiotic of me—wouldn’t you
say?--to venture such predictions in the boisterous presence of ISIS and the Nusra
Front and Hezbollah and the Mahdi Army and Ansar Bait al-Maqdis, to mention
only a few of the leading stars in this seemingly
flourishing universe. Idiotic as well in full view of the swords cutting off
infidel heads, machetes bringing down idols, girls being sold off as sex slaves
and black flags running over government buildings while the tax man collects
dues from the town’s dhimmis. Idiotic, no doubt, while we spectate a crude Iranian-Saudi
joust presumably pitting Shiites against Sunnis in an apocalyptic fight; equally, when the three powers (Iran, Turkey and
Israel) presiding over the region are each run by a paranoid and voracious politico-religious
cabal.
Still more idiotic, when eight Middle
Eastern states are either avowedly or officially Islamist, and when the other
ostensibly secular outfits have all but incorporated the bulk of Islamist maxims
into the fabric of their polities. Worse, when the only successful
democratization process we have been experiencing is in the fatwa industry,
giving every other turbaned and bearded fool the platform to issue forth…on
boob sucking
your way into blessed male-female office relations, the various hidden meanings
of farts, the evilness
of Mickey Mouse.
And, of course, Hazem Amin, in a
recent al Hayat piece, is right. Much like its weaker—no, wait, which month is
this?--siblings, ISIS lives precisely because of withering life in our wastelands:
fringe towns and cities across the Middle Eastern expanse long ago abandoned by
autocracies retreating in the shadow of their betrayals and failures. This
applies to states still standing and those all but gone.
Ours is, indeed, a drama of collapse
that stretches over decades. Invasions, civil wars and uprisings, these are only
the last straws that broke this haggard camel’s back.
But herein stands a truth so glaring
and yet so muddied by the orgy of extremist violence. Much lies in ruin in the region
today--regimes, states, dime-a-dozen ideologies…--and Islamism is no exception.
The vacuums that dot our landscapes may be multiplying but
they’re not new and neither are the fundamentalists that have inhabited them
like scavengers would swamps. The recent fury that is mesmerizing the crowds is
not of an explosive idea that has arrived, but of a battered one that is finally
dying.
Islam has, over the course of half a
century, been mercilessly thrown into the public arena. The result is a religion
that reigns over the masses, graceless, face a million scars, name sullied,
hands bloodied, at once ridiculous and mystifying in its cruelty to followers
and adversaries alike. Islam, thanks to Islamism and its patrons, domestic and
foreign, has by turns become an ogre and a joke to its own flock.
Professor Asef Bayat, one of the
scholars who first detected the creeping blowback in Iran in the mid-1990s, has
bestowed a rather sweet label on the shifting trends. Post-Islamism, he called the emerging mindset—the
subtle, incremental pushback of the pious, partly in search of a middle ground
between the dictates of increasingly invasive and suffocating strictures and
the demands of modern life, and partly in an effort to extricate Islam (rescue
it, really) from the political machinations and shenanigans of its enforcers.
But this! This is all out war within
the Islamist family. They’re at each others’ throats: zealous states versus even
more zealous non-state actors, Shiite versus Sunni paymasters, official Islamist
parties versus Jihadi insurgent movements, Islamist presidents versus former darling
mentors and preachers, firebrand grand ayatollahs versus reformed ex-prime
ministers.
And the fatwas? Pretty much like trinkets
and firecrackers at the fun park.
There is more disruption ahead, to
be sure. Ruptures, flight, tormented children, smothered youth, harassed
minorities, blood and anguish, corpses and mass graves are often the stuff of
upheaval, and ours is one on the grandest of scales. But what makes this moment extraordinary is
that, for the first time in practically a century, systems of life, deeply held
beliefs, are passing and, as yet, there are no new petitioners anywhere in sight. It’s as if we’ve
taken to the proverbial broom to sweep away every broken promise in the house.
And no promise has proved more lethal than that of Islamism, especially to
Islam itself.
It is foolhardy to underestimate the
extent to which Islamic fundamentalism has managed to frame the terms of the
debate on culture, gender and identity; the success it has had in peppering
every aspect of the day with Islamist dos and don’ts and sensibilities; the
determination with which it has vilified secularism as sheer heresy, labeling
it the devil’s currency. There was never anything to be dismissive about when
political Islam rose, and there certainly is nothing to be flippant about now
that it is falling. When such mighty ideas crumble the damage is invariably
severe and the pile up is guaranteed to be high.
So I take the Islamist fratricide very seriously--but the
jokes as well. I take seriously also the quieter tales of dissent in
conservative societies never more dumbfounded by the abuses and excesses of the
Savonarolas in suits and ties. Aside from the obvious example of Egypt in 2012
(this is in reference to the street-level resistance to the Muslim
Brotherhood’s rule and not Sisi’s coup), I take seriously the current campaign by
Jordanian educators against Islamist creeds that have long pervaded Jordan’s
curricula. I take seriously the polls that show 75% of Iranians have folded the
prayer rug. I take seriously the news coming out of Mosul about the faithful staying
away from the mosque. Every episode that is a peephole into
communities revisiting once unshakable convictions, I take seriously.
The dogmas that have shaped thought
and dominated politics for 50 years are, one by one, crashing, and we are
watching the wreckage in real time. True, there are regimes still standing,
some even thriving, and authoritarianisms on the rebound, strongly suggesting
that the Arab status quo is showing resilience and bounce. But this argument is
premature and beside the point. The collapse need not be wholesale and
indiscriminate for it to be catastrophic to the very precepts that underpinned
and gave impetus to the old order. The fact is our slate has never been wiped this clean.
And the future? For that, one has to stay close and stay
tuned.
